Lecture 15 Defense Sector(Part 2)
Naval Strength of India
Landing Platform Dock(LPD)- Also known as amphibious transport dock is a warship that embarks transports and landing elements for expeditionary warfare missions. INS Jalashwa(जलाश्व) is only amphibious transport dock currently in service with the Indian Navy that was bought from USA.
Warship Size
Corvette < Frigates < Destroyer < Cruiser < Aircraft carrier
Corvettes- Smallest of the warships. The ships smaller than Corvettes are fast attack crafts and patrol ships.
Frigates- Larger than Corvettes but smaller than Destroyers and used to protect other ships.
Frigates class- Shivalik class, Brahmaputra, Godavari and Talwar class(India + Russia)
Project 17A- 7 frigates named INS Nilgiri, INS Himgiri, INS Udaygiri, INS Dunagiri, INS Taragiri, INS Vindhyagiri and INS Mahendragiri by Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders(MDL) + Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers(GRSE)
Destroyer- Maneuverable attack warships used to conduct naval warfare against enemy warships.
Destroyer class- Visakhapatnam, Kolkata, Delhi and Rajput class
Project 15B- India’s indigenous Destroyer construction programme for development of Visakhapatnam, Kolkata and Delhi class destroyer
Cruiser- Largest combat ships only behind Aircraft Carriers.
Aircraft Carrier- Warship that serves as a floating airbase equipped with flight deck and other aircraft support facilities.
Currently India has two aircraft carriers-
1. INS Vikramaditya- Purchased from Russia
2. INS Vikrant- Also know as Indigenous Aircraft Carrier 1(IAC-1) built by India
INS Vishal- Under development and will be indigenously developed by India
Submarine
Specialized vehicle to operate underwater(in deep sea). Battery-electric propulsion and diesel-electric engine submarines have to come to the surface every 48 hours for air breathing(Air fuel mixture to engine).
Air Iindependent Propulsion (AIP)- Provides extra underwater endurance to the non-nuclear submarines so that they can stay underwater for a longer time(upto 2 weeks).
Types of Submarines-
- Diesel Submarine(SSK)
- Nuclear Powered Submarine(SSN, SSBN- ballistic capable nuclear submarine)
Submarine class
- Shishumar class- technology transfer from Germany.
- Sindhughosh class- Russian origin Kilo class submarine
- Kalvari class- 6 diesel electric submarine built under Project 75 in collaboration with France(technology transfer from France for Scorpene class submarine)
Project 75(I)- Project to develop submarines loaded with the Air Independent Propulsion system.
Project 75(α)- Project to develop Nuclear powered attack submarines(SSNs)
Nuclear Submarine- India presently has one SSBN that is INS Arihant, an Arihant Class SSBN developed indigenously under the Advanced Technology Vessel program.
INS Arighat- Upgraded version of INS Arihant.
Torpedo
Varunastra- It is an indigenously designed and developed heavyweight, ship-launched anti-submarine torpedo.
Shyena torpedo- First indigenous advanced lightweight anti-submarine torpedo of India.
Project Varsha- INS Varsha a naval base at at Rambilli, Visakhapatnam. The base will enable the deployment of nuclear armed submarines from a secure, underground facility, strengthening India’s position in the Indian Ocean region.
Air Strength
Based on advancement in Fighter aircraft technology, the figher jet is divided into different generation
- 1st Generation(1940-1950)- straight wing, subsonic speed, manually controlled guns and unguided bombs, ex- MiG 15, MiG 17
- 2nd Generation(1950-1960)- Supersonic speed, equipped with radar and guided missile, ex- MiG 19, MiG 21
- 3rd Generation(1960-1970)- Multirole capabilities, wide range of weapons including air to ground missiles and laser-guided bombs, ex- MiG 23, MiG 25, Sukhoi Su-17
- 4th Generation(1970-1990)- Hypermanoeuvrable aircraft with advance radar system, ex F 14, F 15, Sukhoi Su-27, MiG 27, MiG 29, Mirage 2000
- 4.5th Generation(1990~)- Radar absorbent technology(Stealth technology), ex- F 16, F 18, Rafael
- 5th Generation- Integration of digital computation and mobile networking with fighter jet to make it part of information era. Ex- F 22 Raptor
HAL Tejas(4.5 Generation)- India’s single-engine, supersonic, delta wing multirole combat aircraft designed by the Aeronautical Development Agency(ADA) and manufactured by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited(HAL) for the use of Indian Air Force and Indian Navy.
Military Exercise(Bilateral)
- Australia- AUSINDE(Navy), Pitch Black(Airforce)
- Bangladesh- Sampriti(Army), Milan(Navy)
- China- Hand in Hand(Army)
- Egypt- Cyclone(Army)
- France- Shakti(Army), Varun(Navy), Garuda(Airforce), PASSEX(Airforce)
- Indonesia- Garuna Shakti(Army), Samudra Shakti(Navy)
- Israel- Blue Flag(Airforce)
- Japan- Dharma Guardian (Army), Veer Guardian(Airforce), Shinyuu Maitri(Airforce)
- Kazakhstan- Prabal Dostyak(Army)
- Kyrgyzstan- Khanjar(Army)
- Malaysia- Harimau Shakti(Army), Samudra Laksmana(Navy)
- Maldives- Ekuverin(Army)
- Mongolia- Nomadic Elephant(Army)
- Myanmar- IMBEX(Army)
- Nepal- Surya Kiran(Army)
- Oman- Al Nagah(Army), Naseem Al Bahr(Navy), Eastern Bridge(Airforce)
- Qatar- Zair Al Bahr(Navy)
- Russia- Indra(Army)
- Saudi Arabia- Sada Tanseeq(Army), Al-Mohed Al-Hindi(Navy)
- Seychelles- Lamitiye(Army)
- Singapore- SIMBEX(Navy), Saffron Bandit(Airforce)
- Sri Lanka- Mitra Shakti(Army), SLINEX(Navy)
- Thailand- Maitree(Army), Siam Bharat(Airforce)
- UAE- Desert Cyclone(Army), Desert Knight(Airforce)
- UK- Ajeya Warrior(Army), Indra Dhanush(Army), Konkan(Navy), Cobra Warrior(Airforce)
- USA- Tiger Triumph(Army), Yudh Abhayas(Army), Vajra Prahar(Army), Cope India(Airforce)
- Uzbekistan- Dustlik(Army)
Military Exercise(Multilateral)
- Canada- Maple Flag(Airforce)
- India- Malabar(Navy)
- Indonesia- Garuda Shield
- Japan- Resolute Dragon
- NATO- BALTOPS(Navy), Dynamic Manta(Navy)
- Norway- Cold Response(defense readiness exercise with other NATO countries)
- Pakistan- Aman(Navy)
- Thailand- Cobra Gold
- Turkey- Anatolian Eagle(Airforce)
- USA- Green Dagger, RIMPAC(Navy)
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