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  British Policies in India Administrative Policy The administrative policy of EICo underwent frequent changes with stable objectives of increasing company profitability, increasing profitability to Britain as whole and maintaining the stronghold in India.  Policy of Ring of Fence(1765~)- Introduced by Warren Hestings aimed to create buffer zones to defend the Company's frontiers Subsidiary Alliance(1799~)-  Introduced by  Wellesley  as an extension of Policy of Ring of Fence  Policy of Subordinate Isolation(1813~)-  Indian states were supposed to work in subordinate cooperation with the British government(Supremacy of British Power)  Forward Policy(1836~)-  Policy of Lord Auckland led to 1st Anglo-Afghan war Policy of Subordinate Union(1858-1935)-   Policy of Masterly Inactivity(1864~)-  Policy of John Lawrence after 1st Anglo-Afghan war disaster Policy of Proud Reserve(1876~)-  Policy of Lord Lytton led to 2nd Anglo-Afghan war Policy of Equal Federation(1935~)-    Reason for ri

  Women Personality in Pre Independence Era Rani Velu Nachiyar(1730-1796)-  She was the first Indian queen(Sivaganga estate) to wage war with the East India Company in India. She regained her kingdom after defeating EICo. with the help of Hyder Ali and many mores. In Tamil she is regarded as Veeramangai .  She was a scholar of French, English, and Urdu languages. Savitribai Phule(1831-1897)-  She raised her voice against caste and gender discrimination. In 1848 she started school in Pune for girl education. She died while serving the Plague affected people.  Pandita Ramabai Sarasvati(1858-1922)-  1st woman to be awarded the titles of Pandita as a Sanskrit scholar and Sarasvati after being examined by the faculty of the University of Calcutta. In 1882, she presented the issue of women education to Hunter Commission . She founded Arya Mahila Samaj(Pune, 1882) . In the same year she wrote Stri Dharma Niti(Morals for Women) book and in 1883 she moved to Britain where she embraced Christia

   असहयोग आंदोलन के दौरान 1921 में मनोरंजन प्रसाद सिन्हा द्वारा रचित भोजपुरी कविता फिरंगिया। भारत में प्रतिबंध लगने की वजह से यह कवित मारीशस देश में प्रकाशित हुई और वहाँ से इसका प्रचार भारत में भी हुआ। सुन्दर सुघर भूमि भारत के रहे रामा आज इहे भइल मसान रे फिरंगिया अन्न धन जल बल बुद्धि सब नास भइल कौनों के ना रहल निसान रे फिरंगिया जहॅवाँ थोड़े ही दिन पहिले ही होत रहे लाखों मन गल्ला और धान रे फिरंगिया उहें आज हाय रामा मथवा पर हाथ धरि बिलखि के रोवेला किसान रे फिरंगिया सात सौ लाख लोग दू-दू साँझ भूखे रहे हरदम पड़ेला अकाल रे फिरंगिया जेहु कुछु बॉचेला त ओकरो के लादि लादि ले जाला समुन्दर के पार रे फिरंगिया घरे लोग भूखे मरे, गेहुँआ बिदेस जाय कइसन बाटे जग के व्यवहार रे फिरंगिया जहॅवा के लोग सब खात ना अधात रहे  रूपयासे रहे मालामाल रे फिरंगिया उहें आज जेने-जेने आँखिया घुमाके देखु  तेने-तेने देखबे कंगाल रे फिरंगिया बनिज-बेपार सब एकहू रहल नाहीं सब कर होइ गइल नास रे फिरंगिया तनि-तनि बात लागि हमनी का हाय रामा जोहिले बिदेसिया के आसरे फिरंगिया कपड़ों जे आवेला बिदेश से त हमनी का पेन्ह के रखिला निज लाज रे

  भोजपुरी भाषा भोजपुरी भाषा का इतिहास 7वीं सदी से शुरू होता है। इसकी उत्पत्ती मगधी प्राकृत से हुई है। बंगाली, ओड़िया, असमिया, मैथिली, मगही, आदि  को भोजपुरी की बहन भाषाएँ मानते हैं। नेपाल, फिजी और मॉरिशस में भोजपुरी को संविधानिक मान्यता प्राप्त है।  संत कबीर दास का जन्मदिवस(ज्येष्ठ पूर्णिमा) को विश्व भोजपुरी दिवस के रूप में मनाया जाता है। मध्य काल में उज्जैन से आए भोजवंशी परमार राजाओं ने बिहार के आरा जिले में भोजपुर नामक नगर बसाया था। उन्होंने अपने पूर्वज राजा भोज के नाम पर नगर का नाम भोजपुर रखा था। इसी कारण इसके पास बोली जाने वाली भाषा का नाम "भोजपुरी" पड़ गया।   बिदेसिया(साहित्यिक योगदान)-  बिदेसिया की उत्पत्ति उत्तर प्रदेश के कुतुबपुर गाँव से हुई थी। भोजपुरी के शेक्सपियर, भोजपुरी साहित्य के जनक, भिखारी ठाकुर(1887-1971, बिहार)  ने बिदेसिया को प्रचलित बना दिया। भिखारी ठाकुर ने बिदेसिया सहित बारह नाटक लिखे। बिदेसिया की लोकप्रियता के कारण यह बिहार के भोजपुरी क्षेत्र की लोक नाट्य शैली बन गई है। भिखारी ठाकुर ने भोजपुरी को ही अपने काव्य और नाटक की भाषा बनाया। राहुल सांकृत्यायन ने

  Important Historical location of India Learning Centres 1. Taxila-  The ancient learning center(Present day in Pakistan) near the bank of Indus river known for teaching high class religious(Brahmanical and Buddhist) and secular study.  Important scholars Panini, Chaanakya and Vasubandhu(Teachers)  Jivaka, Charaka, Chandragupta Maurya(Students)  The center was destroyed by Toramana(Hunas ruler) in 5th century AD.  2. Nalanda-  Renowned centre of learning established by Gupta ruler Kumargupt in 5th century AD at Nalanda district of Bihar region. It was great learning center of Buddhism, Veda and science with residential facility operated till 13th century.  In 13th century the center was destroyed by Bhaktiyar Khilji.  3. Valabhi-  Valabhi was the capital of the Maitraka empire during 5th-8th century AD.  It emerged as an important learning center of Buddhism from 600-1200 AD specialised in Hinayan Buddhism teaching and for some time considered as rival of Nalanda university. Pali lang

  Trending on Internet Mpemba effect Hot water can freeze faster than cold water in similar conditions. Dark Patterns Deceptive design patterns deployed in user interface that restrict consumer autonomy and violate consumer rights. Types of Drak Pattern- False urgency, Basket sneaking(adding extra items without user consent during checkout), Confirm shaming(using shame to nudge user actions), Forced action(compelling action), and Subscription traps(making cancellation difficult) Deep Web Parts of the World Wide Web whose contents are not indexed by standard web search engine programs. This is in contrast to the surface web, which is accessible to anyone using the Internet.  Non indexing techniques- Dynamic, non-HTML, scripted and unlinked content Private web, contextual web and software restricted.  Dark Web The dark web is a subset of the deep web that is intentionally hidden and required a specific software, configurations and authorization to access it.  It facilitate illegal digita

  Ethical Terms Conflict of Interest- Arises when official duty, public interest and personal intrest  get into conflict.  It hampers the integrity and impartiality of an individual.  Emotional Intelligence-  Ability to  recognize, understand and manage  our own emotions as well as other's emotions.  Five elements of EI(Daniel Goleman)  Self awareness Self regulation Motivation Empathy Social skills Belief-  A belief is an idea that a person holds as being true. A person can base a belief upon principles and matters of faith. Sources of belief- Person’s own experiences or experiments Cultural and societal norms Guidance by others Evaluation and  sound reasoning is a way to challenge beliefs. Value-  Stable long-lasting beliefs about what is important to a person. Values define standard of life and one's choices. With strong commitment towards a belief, that belief get transformed into a value.  Belief vs Faith- Believe is strongly held confidence or opinion. While faith is st